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	<title>Douglas Novick DVM</title>
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		<title>Determining Hind Leg Lameness</title>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:59:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Douglas Novick DVM</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[&#160; Douglas Novick, DVM 800-998-4650 Serving Silicon Valley, the Peninsula and the East Bay www.novickdvm.com Determining Hind Leg Lameness Determining hind leg lameness can be a challenge. If you have problems picking out which leg is lame, you are not alone. Various techniques have been developed. In the end, what will help you figure out [...]]]></description>
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<td width="84%" height="19"><strong><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: large;">Douglas Novick, DVM 800-998-4650</span></strong></td>
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<p align="center"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: medium;">Determining Hind Leg Lameness</span></strong></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"> Determining hind leg lameness can be a challenge. If you have problems picking out which leg is lame, you are not alone.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Various techniques have been developed. In the end, what will help you figure out the vast majority of hind end lameness is to stand behind the horse. Have someone else trot him away from you. Then watch the points of the hips and ONLY THE POINTS OF THE HIPS.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
The hip which goes up and down more as the horse trots is the lame leg. Once I read a paper outlining this approach, my ability to determine hind leg lameness increased dramatically. Do not look for a hip hike. Do not look for a hip drop. Do not look from the side. Do not look on a circle. Do not look to see if a horse is short stepping. Do not look to see if the horse is over or under flexing a joint.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
All of those things can be valuable, but for most of the cases, look at the points of the hip. Look for which side is going up and down more versus the other side. That is the lame leg. In fancy terms it is an asymmetry of the vertical excursion of the tuber coxae (the point of the hip).</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
Watch this video and see if you can tell which leg is lame.</span></span></span></p>
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<p align="center"><a href="http://youtu.be/NaGQqVQNwc4"><br />
<img src="http://www.novickdvm.com/images/hindleglamenessvideolinkpic.png" alt="" width="272" height="246" border="6" /></a></p>
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<p><span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
If you cannotsee this video <a href="http://youtu.be/NaGQqVQNwc4">click here</a>.<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
<strong>Now here comes the hard part</strong><br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
When a horse trots it moves diagonal pairs of legs: the left front and right hind; the right front and the left hind. If the right hind leg is lame, the horse may throw his weight on the left front with each stride. This makes head goes down as the right hind and left front hit the ground. This makes the head appear to go up as opposite diagonal hits the ground, &#8211; the right front and left hind. So it gives the appearance that the horse is head bobbing consistent with a right front lameness because when a horse is lame on a front leg the head comes up when the lame leg hits the ground. But the horse is not lame on the right front, he is really lame on the right hind.<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
That&#8217;s right. When a horse is lame on a hind leg, it can fool you into thinking the horse is lame on the front leg on the same side.<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
That is why you need to be careful evaluating lamenesses, particularly hind end lameness.<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
What is the most common hind leg lameness?<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
Hock inflammation also known as Bone Spavin is the most common hindleg lameness and every year I get called to treat many horses for this condition.<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
These horses can have an obvious lameness or they can have subtle signs. Signs can include difficulty picking up a lead, difficulty doing flying changes, difficulty doing extensions and /or collected work, difficulty going down hills, jumping to one side over jumps. Many of these horses start out stiff, then warm up out of the stiffness. Others will have back pain.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p><a href="http://novickdvm.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/hockdrawing.png"><img class="aligncenter  wp-image-84" title="hockdrawing" src="http://novickdvm.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/hockdrawing-245x300.png" alt="" width="210" height="257" /></a><br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
The primary treatment is joint injections. These can work very well. I spend a lot time injecting horse&#8217;s hocks. Other treatments involve systemic joint medications such as Pent-Assie, Adequan, and Legend.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
For cases that do not respond there are advanced joint injections such as IRAP therapy, and stem-cell therapy, as well as Tildren.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
Finally the joints most commonly affected are flat joints and if fused the horse feels much better and loses very little in the way of range of motion. There is both a surgical and a chemical means of trying to fuse the joint. If fused, the majority of horses do very well.<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
Practice looking at the video and think about looking only at the points of the hips and only from behind to improve your hind leg lameness diagnosis.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Or, you can call me.<br />
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		<title>Stall Kicking and Trailer Kicking</title>
		<link>http://novickdvm.com/stall-kicking-and-trailer-kicking/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 21 Jan 2012 00:06:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Douglas Novick DVM</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[&#160; &#160; Serving Silicon Valley and Surrounding Areas Stall Kickers and Trailer Kickers &#160;   Each year frustrated horse owners come to me for advice on dealing with a horse that chronically kicks the walls in its stalls, kicks in the trailer, kicks when it is fed. Barns are damaged. Nerves are frayed. Periodically kicking [...]]]></description>
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<em style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Serving Silicon Valley and Surrounding Areas</span></em></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
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<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Stall Kickers and Trailer Kickers</span></strong></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span></p>
<p>Each year frustrated horse owners come to me for advice on dealing with a horse<br />
that chronically kicks the walls in its stalls, kicks in the trailer, kicks when<br />
it is fed. Barns are damaged. Nerves are frayed. Periodically kicking becomes so<br />
profound that horses create self-inflicted lameness and injury. There are<br />
several strategies to deal with stall kickers and protect them themselves and<br />
your barn from harm.</p>
<p>Simple strategies are changing stalls, feeding regiments or the size of your<br />
horse&#8217;s stall. For some horses the kick is a result of chronic aggression<br />
between two particular horses. In these cases changing a horse&#8217;s stall away from<br />
that horse can alleviate the kicking. Moving the kicking horse next to a more<br />
compatible horse can help or to one end of a barn aisle can help. For other<br />
horses stall kicking is related to feeding times. For these horses you can try<br />
free choice feeding. This is where hay is in front of the horses all the time so<br />
there is less tension about feeding times. In general this will not increase the<br />
food used as most horses will self feed about the same amount as they were<br />
normally getting. A third strategy that works in some horses is increasing the<br />
size of the stall. For some kickers going from a single to box stall and a half<br />
or double stall can alleviate the unwanted kicking. Others can be managed by<br />
giving them more work or more time in turnout.</p>
<p>For those horses who do not respond to the above techniques, other methods need<br />
to be employed. One simple method is kicking chains. These have a strap is<br />
placed above the hock from which hangs a chain. Each time the horse kicks out<br />
the chain hits its leg. Soon a horse learns that kicking leads to the chain<br />
hitting them and for many horses that is enough to stop them. Unfortunately even<br />
in horses where this works, if the kicking chains are not in place they may go<br />
right back to kicking. Another strategy is to live with the kicking but protect<br />
the horse and your barn from the behavior. If the horse typically kicks out at<br />
one or two walls, you can hang rubber mats a few inches from the walls and place<br />
old tires behind the mats. In this way, when the horse kicks it will hit mat and<br />
the old tires and mat will absorb the blow, not your barn or the horse.</p>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br />
<img src="http://www.novickdvm.com/images/kicking_chain.jpg" alt="Kicking Chain" width="200" height="139" border="0" /></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Two other methods use devices with negative stimuli to modify behavior. One is a<br />
horse version of a shock collar. Called the Vice Breaker it is made by Tritonics<br />
of Arizona www.tritronics.com . It works just like a shock collar in dogs except<br />
that the settings are lower for horses. The results can be remarkable not only<br />
for stall kickers but for trailer kickers as well.</p>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br />
<img src="http://www.novickdvm.com/images/vicebreaker.jpg" alt="" width="201" height="203" border="0" /></span></p>
<p align="left"><span style="font-family: Arial;">The collar is placed at a time prior to when the correction is<br />
needed so the horse does not get a chance to associate the collar with the<br />
correction. The collar is activated by a remote control that can be used up to a<br />
half mile away. This lets you correct a horse out of sight and so prevents the<br />
horse being able to associate you with the correction.</span></p>
<p>A Dr. Michelle A. Kennedy, DVM presented her results on a variety of problems<br />
using the Vice Breaker. For 5 horses aggressive with a barrier (i.e. kicking the<br />
wall), all horses responded to correction. The total number of corrections was<br />
2-4 times to get a response. The collar was left on for a total of 1 week. In<br />
the month following the training no horses reverted to prior behavior. In<br />
another case Dr. Kennedy treated a mare that was aggressive when fed. It took<br />
just 4 corrections to stop the behavior and 1 month later the horse had not<br />
reverted back.</p>
<p>A final method I can suggest is the QuitKick Total Stall System (www.quitkickusa.com<br />
). With this system sensors are placed in the walls that the horse kicks. When a<br />
horse kicks, the sensor sends a signal to the main unit on the stall door and<br />
the horse receives a quick squirt of water. The horse quickly learns that that<br />
kicking results in an annoying water squirt. The advantage of this system is<br />
that it requires no human intervention like the Vice Breaker so it is training<br />
your horse 24 hours a day. The disadvantage is that your horse associates the<br />
negative squirt of water with the device mounted on the stall door. If it is<br />
removed, your horse&#8217;s bad behavior may reappear. I first saw this system in the<br />
Dover Saddlery catalog. When I checked out their web site www.doversaddlery.com<br />
I looked at the online reviews which were mostly quite positive.</p>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br />
<img src="http://www.novickdvm.com/images/quitkickstallsystem.jpg" alt="" width="200" height="200" border="0" /> </span></p>
<p align="left"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Damage to your stall, damage to your trailer, damage to your<br />
horse and damage to your sense of well being are all problems associated horses<br />
that kick in their stall. These methods listed offer a number of alternatives<br />
toward controlling unwanted behavior.</span></p>
<p><strong><span style="font-size: medium;">Rider Safety</span></strong></p>
<p>A note about rider safety. Real sports, an HBO program, profiled serious<br />
sometimes fatal injuries to 3-day event riders from falls which result in the<br />
horse rotating over a jump and falling on top of the rider. Among the other<br />
items advocated by Darren Chiacchia, a 3-day Olympic medalist interviewed for<br />
the story, is wearing a air-bag like vest. One manufacture is hit-air (www.air-vest.com).<br />
These vests inflate in a fraction of a second when you become dislodged from the<br />
saddle. The air-bag then acts as a cushion as you or hit the ground or an object<br />
hits you, like a horse. It appears they can be worn in addition to the safety<br />
vests already available. The vests at about $400 are not inexpensive, but then<br />
again neither are you.</p>
<p align="center"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br />
<img src="http://www.novickdvm.com/images/airbagvest.jpg" alt="Hit-Air Vest" width="211" height="159" border="0" /> </span></p>
<p><em><strong><span style="font-family: Arial; font-style: normal;">Lectures<br />
Available</span></strong></em></p>
<p><em><span style="font-family: Arial; font-style: normal;">If you would like<br />
to arrange a lecture at your barn, please contact our office.   </span></em></p>
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<span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal;"><br />
Lameness Exams</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal;"><br />
Sports Medicine</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal;"><br />
Digital X-rays</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"><br />
Ultrasounds</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial;"><br />
Equine Dentistry &#8211; </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Arial;">with full power<br />
instruments</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal;"><br />
Reproduction</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal;"><br />
Routine Wellness Care &#8211; </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal;"><br />
Vaccines , De-worming etc</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol;"><br />
·<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-family: Arial; font-variant: normal;"><br />
Older Horse Care</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt;">
</blockquote>
<h3 class="label" style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-position: 0px 0px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Learn More</span></span></span></h3>
<p class="banner" align="center"><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;"> <span style="font-size: small;">Visit<br />
our web site, </span><br />
<a href="http://www.novickdvm.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">www.novickdvm.com</span></a> </span></strong></p>
<p class="banner" align="center"><strong><span style="font-family: Arial;">or call</span></strong></p>
<p class="banner" align="center"><strong><span style="font-size: large; font-family: Arial;"><br />
800-998-4650</span></strong></p>
</div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
</div>
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